Often a problem for war veterans, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a delayed and long-term psychological reaction to a disturbing event. While very common in soldiers who have experienced combat, PTSD can happen to anyone of any age who has experienced a bad accident, natural disaster, or violent crime in which they endured or were threatened by psysical harm.
PTSD affects about 7.7 million Amercan adults. People can develop post-traumatic stress after being harmed themselves or witnessing a harmful event happening to someone else. They may seem fine or emotionally detached from the event at first, but usually within 3 months they begin to exhibit symptoms. The disorder is more common in women that in men.
People who suffer from PTSD display a variety of symptoms, including skittishness, emotional numbness toward loved ones, and loss of interest in hobbies and other activities they once enjoyed. Some who have PTSD become aggressive and violent. They avoid places and situations that remind them of the original incident. They may experience vivid flashbacks, sometimes triggered by unrelated noises that remind them of the original incident, such as a car backfiring that sounds like gunfire, which then cause them lose touch with reality. PTSD patients may also relive their past experiences in nightmare while sleeping.
Symptoms must last for more than a month to be considered PTSD. Occasionally, the symptoms don't emerge until several years after the original incident. Some people recover within 6 months, while others never fully escape the effects. People with PTSD are also at risk for depression, substance abuse, other anxiety disorders, and sometimes suicide.
Treatment includes antidepressants or antianxiety medications, talk therapy sessions, or both. Another type of therapy, called eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), encourages patients to talk about their memories while focusing on distractions, such as eye movements, hand taps, and sounds; studies have shown that this technique may help people change the way they react to their traumatic memories so they experience fewer PTSD symptoms.
치료에는 항우울제 또는 항불안제, 대화 요법 세션 또는 둘 다가 포함됩니다. 안구 운동 탈감작 및 재 처리 (EMDR)라고하는 또 다른 유형의 치료법은 환자가 안구 운동, 손 도청 및 소리와 같은 산만에 집중하면서 자신의 기억에 대해 이야기하도록 권장합니다. 연구 결과에 따르면이 기술은 사람들이 외상성 기억에 반응하는 방식을 바꾸어 PTSD 증상이 덜 발생하는 것으로 나타났습니다
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder tend to be worse if the traumatic event that triggered them was deliberately initiated, as in a rape, mugging, or kidnapping.
Children with PTSD may temporarily be unable to talk or may revert to behavior from when they were younger, complains of stomach problems or headaches, or refuse to play with friends.
Nearly one in five millitary service members who have returned from Iraq and Afghanistan has reported symptoms of PTSD or major depression, according to a 2008 study, yet only slightly more than half of those have sought treatment.
2008 년 연구에 따르면 이라크와 아프가니스탄에서 돌아온 5 명의 군 복무 중 약 1 명은 PTSD 증상이나 주요 우울증을보고했지만 그 중 절반 이상만이 치료를 받고 있다고합니다.
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