Elixir

One of history's most important yet dangerous discoveries was morphine―a derivative of the opium poppy plant. German scientist Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner (1783-1841), who first produced the water-soluble, crystalline white powder in 1804, named it after Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams, because of its trancelike effect on patients. With the invention of the hypodermic needle in 1853, doct..

Since the moment you rolled out of bed this morning, you've probably encountered thousands of viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. But thanks to immunity, your body is able to fight off these foreign invaders and protect itself. 오늘 아침 침대에서 나온 순간부터 아마 수천 개의 바이러스, 박테리아, 기생충 및 곰팡이에 직면했을 것입니..

Virginia Apgar (1909-1974) defied all odds to become a pioneering female physician. In spite of the financial hardships of the Great Depression, Apgar was one of the first women to graduate from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. She went on to become an anesthesiologist and the school's first female professor. In 1952, she developed the A..

Teasing is a normal and inevitable part of childhood. But when taunting become hurtful, intentional, and constant, it crosses the line into bullying. It can take the form of name-calling, threats, shoving, hitting, and extortion. Unfortunately, bullying is commonplace: Researchers estimate that some 25 percent of children are bullied at school, and 60 percent of them witness o..

In most aspects of medicine, nothing can take the place of an expert doctor with the compassion of the human touch. In some others, however, the efficiency of computer-driven treatment is quite useful. Today, when it comes to surgery, for example, robotic technology can reduce healing time and improve patient recovery. Minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery is supplemented by..

Tanning occurs when your skin darkens from exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, either from the sun or from a commercial tanning machine or lamp. UVA radiation goes through your skin to the lower layers, where it triggers cells called melanocytes to produce melanin, the brown pigment that causes your skin to tan. 태닝은 태양이나 상용 태닝 머신 또는 램프..

The medical term surrogate pregnancy has existed since the 1970s, but the concept of one woman having another's baby is as old as time: In the Bible's book of Genesis, the infertile Sarah gives her servant, Hagar, to her husband, Abraham, to bear a child for Sarah and Abraham to raise as their own. Today, however, the procedure is far more technical: A surrogate mother is usua..

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body attacks proteins in the myelin sheath, a fatty substance that insulates nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. Damage to the sheaths―and then to the fibers that they surround―causes scarring and blocks nerve signals that control muscle coordination, sensation, and vision. 다발성 경화증 (MS)..

In movies, hypnosis is often used to manupulate people into doing illegal or foolish things they wouldn't normally do. You may have also seen hypnosis used as an entertaining trick at a party or comedy show. But in a medical context, hypnosis can be a useful, helpful way to overcome obstacles to good health. 영화에서 최면은 종종 사람들이 일반적으로하지 않..

As far back as the 5th century BC, healers performed rudimentary eye surgery to correct cataracts. By 1743, the English physician Samuel Sharp (1700-1778) was able to remove them by making an incision in the eye and then applying pressure with his thumb. More than a century later, cocaine-based eyedrops were developed as anesthesia. Thanks to modern science, this procedure has..