Psychosis (정신병)
Psychosis occurs when a person has trouble telling the difference between what is real and what's not. A person with psychosis may have delusions and hallucinations that cause strange behavior and changes in personality. The condition may be caused by alcohol or drug abuse, a brain tumor, dementia, stroke, depression, or other serious illness.
Symptoms of psychosis include confusion, disorganized thoughts and speech, mania, depression, and paranoia. Psychosis may be a temporary symptom of an illness, infection, or injury or it may be the primary indicator of a chronic psychotic disorder, such as schizophrenia. Scientists hypothesize that these disorders develop because the brain overreacts to certain neurotransmitter chemicals and sends the wrong signals. Doctors identify causes of psychosis by reviewing drug records and family history, testing for syphilis ( one potential cause of mental illness), and performing brain scans and blood tests. Medications such as opioids, benzodiazepines, and digoxin may also be to blame, and some psychotic disorders tend to run in families. Even extreme stress or sleep deprivation can cause temporary psychosis.
A person with schizophrenia may develop psychotic symptoms as a young adult or during middle age. Many people with psychotic disorders, however, first develop symptoms during old age. As many as 1 out of every 50 elderly people has a psychotic disorder. Though many people function quite well in spite of having a psychotic disorder, others may become withdrawn, hostile, or depressed. They may believe that friends and family are plotting against them or lose the ability to take care of their personal hygiene.
분열증이있는 사람은 청년기 또는 중년에 정신병 증상을 일으킬 수 있습니다. 그러나 정신병 적 장애가있는 많은 사람들은 먼저 노년기에 증상이 나타납니다. 노인 50 명당 1 명 정도가 정신병 적 장애를 가지고 있습니다. 많은 사람들이 정신병 적 장애에도 불구하고 상당히 잘 기능하지만 다른 사람들은 철수, 적대감 또는 우울해질 수 있습니다. 그들은 친구와 가족이 그들에 대해 음모를 꾸미고 있거나 개인 위생을 돌보는 능력을 잃어 버렸다고 믿을 수도 있습니다.
People with psychosis often respond well to treatment with antipsychotic drugs, which can reduce auditory hallucinations (voices in a person's head) and delusions and help control thinking and behavior. Group or individual therapy may also be helpful. When psychosis develops as part of another problem, such as depression or sleep deprivation, appropriately treating that condition may lessen or stop the psychosis.
정신병이있는 사람들은 종종 항 정신병 약 치료에 잘 반응하는데, 이는 청각 환각 (사람의 머리에있는 소리)과 망상을 줄이고 사고와 행동을 통제하는 데 도움이 될 수 있습니다. 그룹 또는 개별 요법도 도움이 될 수 있습니다. 우울증이나 수면 박탈과 같은 다른 문제의 일부로 정신병이 발생하면 해당 상태를 적절히 치료하면 정신병이 줄어들거나 중단 될 수 있습니다
Temporary psychosis can be triggered by excessive alcohol use. If heavy drinking continues over the long term, psychosis can become chronic.
People with psychosis living in long-term care facilities such as nursing homes have better control of their symptoms when the staff remind them of who everyone around them is and reassure them of their safety.
Antipsychotic medications can have many side effects, including sedation, muscle stiffness, tremors, weight gain, restlessness, and increased risk of stroke. They may also cause tardive dyskinesia, a disorder in which a person exhibits one or more types of involuntary movements, such as puckering of the lips or writhingof the arms and legs.
항 정신병 약은 진정, 근육 경직, 떨림, 체중 증가, 불안, 뇌졸중 위험 증가 등 많은 부작용이있을 수 있습니다. 그들은 또한 지발성 안면마비, 사람이 입술의 주름 또는 팔과 다리의 주름과 같은 하나 이상의 유형의 비자발적 움직임을 나타내는 장애를 유발할 수 있습니다.